In the early 1900s, Alfred Binet created a method to identify which students were more prone to present learning difficulties. This method was acknowledged as the first IQ (Intelligence Quotient) test. Later on, many other scholars worked on this concept, and this instrument underwent several adaptations, also encompassing other factors. However, until the last decades of the 19th century, all of these versions were variations on the same concept of intelligence: rational, linear, and centered on the intellect.

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By Augusto Cury

Translation: Marcos Cristovam de Paula